Organizational Culture at Pixar free essay sample

Authoritative cultureâ which is additionally called corporate culture can be characterized as a character of the association. As we probably am aware character has consistently assumed a significant job in Mans achievement, similarly hierarchical culture can assume a significant job in organization achievement. Presently in days a large portion of the organizations that are effective have construct an exceptionally run of the mill culture that progresses in the direction of their prosperity. Pixar Is an excellent case of how authoritative culture can be a key component to an organization achievement. Pixar has an exceptionally novel corporate culture that is extremely run of the mill to them and it works and assist them with meeting their objectives, that is the reason pixar has consistently had accomplishment since they began their PC movement business. Pixar is a fruitful organization, No other film organization in history has approached pixars record of effective motion pictures eleven out of eleven have been film industry achievement, and every ha been selected for a foundation grant. We will compose a custom paper test on Authoritative Culture at Pixar or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page ( Cameron, Quinn - Diagnosing and changing hierarchical culture). A great many people feel that pixarâ owes its prosperity to its specific work culture This achievement, as indicated by individuals we know at Pixar, is because of a faction culture(Cameron, Quinn-Diagnosing and changing authoritative culture). As indicated by Cameron and Quinn, faction ( or work together) culture occurs in the organization when its association looks increasingly like a family-type. As per them pixar is sorted out like a family. Pixar cause the individuals working for them to feel as great as could reasonably be expected, they cause them to feel like they are more a piece of a family than collaboration. They accept that this makes pixars representatives be as increasingly profitable as could reasonably be expected and in this manner assist them with meeting their objectives. Pixars top directors are continually searching for imagination since they accept that owe their astonishing accomplishment to their perpetual innovativeness. With the goal for them to consistently be accomplish that they need to get as much thoughts they can. To accomplish that they permit their laborers from all levels to in every case express their thoughts and themselves. They permit them to offer criticism to any thoughts even the ones that originate from the top chiefs. Pixars CEO Ed Catmull talk about that in his bit of composing on Harvard Business Review  A film contains truly a huge number of thoughts. They’re as each sentence; in the exhibition of each line; in the plan of characters, sets, and foundations; in the areas of the camera; in the hues, the lighting, the pacing. The executive and the other innovative eaders of a creation don't think of the considerable number of thoughts all alone; rather, each and every individual from the 200-to 250-man creation bunch makes proposals. Inventiveness must be available at each degree of each masterful and specialized piece of the association . To permit them to utilize all the thoughts from all the laborers in the entirety of their tasks so they change these thoughts into the blockbusters motion pictures, pixar attempt to make a workplace that make laborers fell like they are home so they cou ld communicate and that can assist them with concocting smart thoughts. Ed Catmull is alluding to pixar as network when he says Pixar is a network in the genuine feeling of the word . This shows pixar authoritative cultureâ resembles network where individuals collaborate uninhibitedly together, cooperate, help one another. There is no storehouses at pixar everybody can converse with everybody to tackle issues or to think of new thoughts. References:  Cameron, Quinn-Diagnosing and changing hierarchical culture * Harvard Business Review-How pixar encourages aggregate innovativeness. www. hbr. organization

Education Philosophy Statement Essay -- Educating School Essays

Instruction Philosophy Statement Each individual has their concept of what instruction ought to be. One needs to be taught or go to colleges so the individual in question could have a higher degree. Some other individual needs to get instruction just to satisfy one's self. Numerous individuals get school instruction believing that they can get more cash-flow. Training isn't about cash; it is a lifetime procedure that empowers one to fulfill one's internal identity. It causes an individual to feel useful for who they are inside. Jon Spayde's article Learning in the Key of Life made me consider the various parts of instruction, for example, school training or road training. Which one is a greater need for endurance in this day and age. The inquiry that emerges in my psyche is does instruction help us during regular day to day existence. Possibly training doesn't give the need instruments to get by in reality. We are not burning through our time in the foundations; be that as it may, this present reality is a greater school than whatever other schools that we join in. Tragically, 21st century's meaning of school is innovation for instance PCs, much the same as Jon Spayde states, For our arrangement heads, instruction approaches something many refer to as preparing for intensity, which frequently comes down to the mantra of more PCs, more PCs. (60) Education did not depend on innovation and PCs that our general public is after today. PCs don't make an individual cheerful or satisfy one's life. Canadian history specialist and pundit John Ralston Saul claims, Specialized preparing is preparing in what makes certain to be out of date soon at any rate; it's reckless, and it won't get you through the following 60 years of your life. (61) Education is a lifetime procedure, and one that will never finish in the sixteen years of ordinary tutoring. ... ... day by day than some other subject. There is nothing more genuinely than John Spayde's words that express The entire world's a homeroom. truly in the present society we do require PCs, in any case, they are not the primary fixing to make due, all things considered. There are numerous individuals who are very accomplished, yet can not interface socially. There are numerous different approaches to become instructed other than in the homerooms. The school doesn't set us up for this present reality. Learning takes place around a mind-blowing range. I accept humankind courses will edify one's capacity to comprehend what a genuine joy truly mean and improve one's life. Satisfaction ought not be about pointless joy. Work Cited Spayde Jon. Learning in the Key of LIfe. The Presence of Others. Ed. Andrea A. Lunsford, John J. Ruszkiewicz. New York: Bedford,/st. Martin's, 2000. 58-64.

Basic Facts About Cocaine and Crack

Basic Facts About Cocaine and Crack More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Cocaine is a powerfully addictive drug of abuse. Once having tried cocaine, users cannot predict or control the extent to which they will continue to use the drug.?? Though cocaine abuse is down, it remains the second most used illicit drug in America.?? What Is Cocaine? Cocaine is a drug created from a paste extracted from the leaves of the South American coca plant. It is a strong stimulant that affects the bodys central nervous system. Cocaine can be injected, smoked, sniffed, or snorted. Cocaine can be mixed with other drugs including the anesthetic procaine and amphetamine. When cocaine and heroin are combined, it produces what is called a speedball.?? Cocaine Use Statistics Cocaine is the second most commonly used illicit drug in the U.S.Nearly 1.5 million Americans (0.6 percent of the population) reported using cocaine according to a 2014 study.The rate of use has remained relatively steady since 2009 after a sharp decline from the 1990s and early 2000s.Users can be from all economic status, all ages, and all genders. A higher rate is reported among young adults between 18 and 25 years old. What Cocaine Looks Like Cocaine is a white crystalline powder. Crack cocaine looks like a small rock, chunk or chip and it is sometimes off-white or pink in color. Its common for street dealers to cut, or dilute, cocaine with a variety of substances. This is used to make more money since its sold by the weight. The additives can include anything thats white and powdery including cornstarch, talcum powder, flour, and baking soda.?? This Is What Cocaine and Crack Cocaine Look Like Effects of Cocaine The drug creates a strong sense of exhilaration. Users generally feel invincible, carefree, alert, euphoric, and have a lot of energy. This is usually followed by agitation, depression, anxiety, paranoia, and decreased appetite. The effects of cocaine generally last up to one hour.?? Dangers of Cocaine Use Cocaine is a potent and dangerous drug. The short-term and long-term effects of cocaine are equally serious. The most serious danger is death, resulting in cardiac arrest of seizures followed by respiratory failure. This can occur at anytime during short or long-term use. Other effects of the drug include:?? InsomniaLoss of appetiteBlurred visionVomitingHigh anxietyIrritabilityConstricted blood vesselsDilated pupilsNasal infectionsNosebleedsRapid breathingSweatingViolent behaviorTwitchingHallucinationsChest pain The long-term effects of using cocaine can include extreme agitation, violent mood swings, and depression. Prolonged use of snorting cocaine cause ulcerations in the mucous membrane of the nose and holes in the barrier separating the nostrils. It can also result in a loss of appetite, extreme insomnia, and sexual problems. Heart disease, heart attacks, respiratory failure, strokes, seizures, and gastrointestinal problems are not uncommon among long-term users of cocaine and crack.?? How Can You Reduce the Risks of Cocaine Use? Street Names for Cocaine Cocaine has a wide variety of  street names.  Among those are Coke, Dust, Toot, Line, Nose Candy, Snow. Sneeze, Powder, Girl, White  Pony, Flake, C, The Lady, Cain, Neurocain, and Rock. Crack cocaine is also called freebase. Crack Cocaine Crack cocaine is a highly addictive and powerful stimulant that is derived from powdered cocaine. Crack is made by dissolving powdered cocaine in a mixture of water and ammonia or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). The mixture is boiled until a solid substance forms. It is removed from the liquid, dried, and then broken into the chunks (rocks) that are sold as crack cocaine.?? Due to its availability and intense effects, crack is also popular. Health risks and problems resulting from crack use are the same as those listed for cocaine. However, because of the intensity of the drug, it is a higher risk.?? Crack is almost always smoked, delivering a large quantity of the drug to the lungs. This produces an immediate and intense euphoric effect. Cocaine Addiction Cocaine is highly addictive, leaving users with an overwhelming craving for the drug. The addiction to crack develops quickly, sometimes after just a few times of smoking it. Those addicted to cocaine or crack can find help with behavioral treatments including both residential and outpatient approaches.

Social Media Degrees Types, Education and Career Options

The Collapse Of The Western Empire - 1428 Words

As with every turning point in any society, changes occur because of multiple dynamics that were occurring during a point in history. Through a chain reaction to many dynamics the Roman Empire divided and eventually the Western Empire collapsed. The collapse of the Western Empire allowed for one type of governing to developed in that region. And different form of authority, had been developing since Constantine had moved the Eastern empire capital into Byzantine. These two halves of the once Roman Empire held very different ideals on how authority should be viewed and how a government should be formed. These difference lead an increasing sharp tension between the East and West that to some regards can be seen in today’s society still. Why did the Eastern Empire collapse? There were many factors that contributed to this ultimate destruction of the Empire. According to one of our handouts, Edward Gibbon work in the four volumes of The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire gave us these points: â€Å"Prosperity ripened the principle of decay; the cause of destruction multiplied with the extent of conquest and, as soon as time or accident had removed the artificial supports, the stupendous fabric yielded to the pressure of its own weight†¦The victorious legions, who, in distant wars, acquired the vices of strangers and mercenaries, first oppressed the freedom of the republic, and afterwards violated the majesty of the purple. The emperors, anxious for their personal safety and theShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Fall of the Western Empire in the Fifth Century532 Words   |  3 PagesRoman Empire into the east and the west. The Eastern Roman Empire held a series of advantages over the west both socially and economically. The Western Roman Empire was the weaker empire and a bad leadership and government along with attacks from barbarians led to the demise of the Western Roman Empire. However the Roman Empire was severely weakened by the fourth century and the government was less capable of withstanding the barbarian attacks. There are many reasons for the collapse of theRead MoreCauses of the Fall of the Roman Empire Essay1421 Words   |  6 PagesFor a long period of time, Rome seemed like an unstoppable empire. It conquered the majority of the land surrounding it, including Greece, Turkey, Iraq, and many of its other neighboring countries. It seemed as though Rome would conquer the entire world, as it was the center of it, until it began to decline in 476 C.E. The very aspects that made it so successful were the ones that caused its collapse. Various political, religious, and economic reasons caused its downfall. The fact that the entireRead MoreThe Fall Of Rome Roman Empire905 Words   |  4 PagesRome The Western Roman Empire was once at the pinnacle of civilisation, widely regarded as one of the largest empires in history. Their extreme wealth made them the pioneers in warfare, medicine, architecture, politics, culture and philosophy. At its peak in 117 AD, it spanned over 5,000,000 square kilometres, and had a population of almost 57,000,000 people. In spite of its sheer power and level of innovation, The Western Roman Empire fell in 476 AD. The fall of the Western Roman Empire can be accreditedRead MoreRoman Empire Essay943 Words   |  4 PagesThe Roman Empire was one of the greatest and longest lasting empires to date, but by A.D. 476 the empire was divided in two and its downfall was inevitable. There are many reasons for the downfall of the Western Roman Empire, some political some economical, but the four biggest factors were religion, war, size, and the decline of the Military. The problems that brought about the downfall of the Western Roman Empire were not unsolvable, but the leaders lacked the will and organization to fix themRead MoreModel Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations1304 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion: With the collapse of the classical civilizations, post-classical civilizations arose shortly thereafter. Compare the factors that led to the rise post-classical civilizations from 500 CE to 1200CE between two of the following regions- Europe, East Asia, Africa or the Middle East. Model Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations With the collapse of the Roman, Gupta and Han empires, the world was left in a period of chaos with little structure in most areas. However afterRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire856 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough it was believed that the Roman Empire would never come to an end, inevitably it fell. The Roman Empire is an extremely historic empire that left a massive legacy behind. It collapsed during the fifth century. The empire was having serious military struggles. They received threats from other European tribes along with diminished military funding. A military who does not have proper funding will slowly fall apart. Other than the military, the Roman Empire had a few key social and cultural problemsRead MoreThe Fall of the Roman Empire: Study Guide1082 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fall of the Roman Empire †¢ Emperor Marcus Aurelius (reigned A.D. 161-180) – the end of his reign caused a loss of peace and prosperity: the Pax Romana †¢ Tribes outside boundaries and pirates in the Mediterranean disrupted trade †¢ Had no new sources of silver and gold and as a result the government raised taxes †¢ Government starts minting coins with less silver and made more money with the same amount of metals which caused inflation- a drastic drop in the value of money coupled with a riseRead More The Fall of the Roman Empire Due to Army, Citizens, Barbarianism1587 Words   |  7 PagesThere were many causes of the decline, and eventual fall, of the Roman empire. The deficient Emperor role led to the lacking military response to invasions, civil war and peasant uprisings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ROMAN EMPIRE AND ITS EMPEROR   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ever since the adoptive system which was installed by Marcus Aurelius was never reinstalled after his death, effective leadership in governing Rome was lacking. It was clearly visible that the Roman Emperor was the backbone of Roman stability and therefore theRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe Roman Empire was a powerful governing body of extensive political and social structures throughout western civilization. How did this empire fall and were internal factories responsible? Slow occurrences in succession to one another led to the fall of the empire rather than one single event. The fall of the Roman Empire was a combination of both internal and external pressures, not just one, leading up to the complete decay of the cities—Rome and Constantinople. However, one could argue how oneRead MoreThe Economic Expansion Of Venice1738 Words   |  7 Pagescountries, such as Rome which took steps for institutional innovations. Rome changed from the Republic (510 BC–49 BC) to the Empire (49 BC–AD 476). Western Europe’s subsequent institutional development, though it was not a direct inheritance of Rome, was a consequence of critical junctures that were common across the region in the wake of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. These critical junctures had little parallel in other parts of the world, such as Africa, Asia, or the Americas, though we

Mass Media and Popular Culture Free Essays

Mass Media and Popular Culture March, 2009 Let us face the facts, mass media and popular culture need each other to coexist. Furthermore, in today’s society the mass media serves the interest of popular culture. Moreover, it is the vehicle of free speech in a diverse, multicultural society. We will write a custom essay sample on Mass Media and Popular Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, mass media refers to communication via radio, televisions, movie theaters, television, newspapers, magazines, and, etc; thereby, reaching out to the larger audience. On the contrary, popular culture can refer broadly to common aesthetic or life practices, in both the statistical and qualitative senses. However, therapists have used the term more precisely to designate a particular form of common culture that arises only in the modern period. Therefore, popular culture in this account is distinct from both folk culture and high culture: unlike the former, it is mass-produced; unlike the latter, it is mass consumed. As a result, both have played a vital role in the development of Popular American Culture. In this paper, Learning Team D will examine the relationships among the media; address the impact of the mass media on advertising, and enculturation, as well as the impact of the Internet and globalization on popular culture, and the interpersonal communication and formation of normative cultural values. The description of the definition of mass media on enculturation is defined as â€Å"the process by which an individual learns the traditional content of a culture and assimilates its practices and values†. (Merriam-Webster, 2009). The media is part of our day to day lives enculturation. In which the population is used to the culture of TV, radio, Internet and any other forms that we use in viewing of the popular media of our culture. The mass media can have a great impact on the enculturation in which according to Paul A. Herbig â€Å"The average American is exposed to 61,556 words from the mass media each day which works out to just under 4,000 words per waking hour, about 60 words per waking minute per person per day. † (Herbig Kramer, 1994). As also data changes so mass media can keep changing he way the population views the different culture and change things on their own. Media and advertising work together because of their interdependent relationship. Popular culture bombards society by billboards, television, advertisements, radio, Internet, and any other imaginable form. Advertisements drawl a large amount of attention because of the persuasive nature of the context. Advertising serves as a way to interact with the audience, but more specifically targets people who are preoccupied with the values of consumerism. These people purchase commodity goods in large amounts. The advertisements may be shown on television (Home Shopping Network, info-ads, or commercials), heard on the radio, or published in an ad in the newspaper, a magazine, newsletter, or another form of publication. Advertising fabricates cultural values and downgrade the normative cultural values. The formation of normative cultural values influence the way people think, act, and live their lives upon. The relationship between the media, advertising, and formation of normative cultural values is how advertisements affect the media, the media affects society, and society affects the market. This relationship works in a circle, and also cause and effect. Each has an influence on one another. Television has probably the biggest influence because society can see what is being advertised, what celebrities are wearing, what the seasons fashion trends are, and then hear everything. For instance, Paris Hilton’s saying â€Å"that’s hot. † That saying was everywhere because Paris Hilton said â€Å"that’s hot† on her reality TV show The Simple Life. Society mimics what is seen and heard through the media. (Rigel) The tendency to aggression is an innate, independent, instinctual disposition in man†¦ it constitutes the powerful obstacle to culture† Sigmund Freud. American popular culture is largely impacted by mass media in every sense. Popular culture in American is influenced by the internet and globalized because of the various was to communicate quickly around the world. American popular culture is what each person makes of it in th eir own terms based on the perception of the information received through mass media. The many forms of relaying the mass media information such as television, radio and Internet to name a few have sculpted the way Americans feel, believe, act and react to various situations. A person cannot avoid mass media unless he or she had no form of electronics nor did he or she walk outside or read the newspaper. Therefore, each decision and thought created in the minds of Americans is somehow affected by American popular culture. The decisions do not always follow the crowd but move against it, either way a person can make the decision to follow or drift alone. These decisions, methods of thinking, actions and reactions have all developed into cultural values of the American people. Cultural values revolve around popular culture because they create the ideals that people live by. For example, the way a family dresses the children of the family or allows the teenagers to dress in a family is determined by the reactions of popular culture. Additionally, religion is another area of culture that can be dominated by popular culture. â€Å"A nation’s culture resides in the hearts and in the soul of its people† Mohandas Gandhi. References Herbig, P. A. , Kramer, H. (1994). The effect of information overload on the innovation choice process. Journal of Consumer marketing, 11(2), 45. 54. Retrieved February 19, 2010, from http://web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? vid=4hid=112sid=63a6ab34-57d5-423b-956c-e5543b814d08%40sessionmgr108. Merriam-Webster. (2009). Retrieved February 19, 2010, from http://www. search. eb. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/dictionary? va=enculturationquery=enculturation. How to cite Mass Media and Popular Culture, Essay examples

The Global Political Economy

There are three main theories and worldviews involved in analyzing the global political economy. The first of these worldviews is liberalism. Under liberalism, individual corporations are regarded as the basic units of analysis. Moreover, the market is superior to the state, and the government plays a minimal role in the economy. The theory was developed by Adam Smith and David Ricardo, economists by their own rights.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Global Political Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Later, it was modified by Raymond Vernon and turned into the Sovereignty-at-Bay theory. The second theory is economic nationalism. It is the worldview that takes the state as its basic unit of analysis. In this theory, the state is superior to the market. In addition, the government, through its various agencies, plays a significant role in the economy. The government regulates prices, production and such o ther issues related to the economy. The theory was originally developed by Hamilton and List. It was later modified by Kindleberger. The third form of worldview is structuralism theory. In this theory, class is taken as the basic unit of analysis. Under structuralism, the dominant class in the society wields significant control over the market and the state. For example, the dominant class controls the means of production, as well as the government. The current paper is written against this background. In the paper, the author examines how the International Monetary Fund (herein referred to as the IMF) has used liberalism to control developing nations in Latin America and Asia. The International Monetary Fund has a long history in the global economy. The organization was created on December 27th, 1945. The initial membership of the organization was 45 nations. The brains behind the creation of the organization were motivated by several objectives. One of the major objectives of the IMF was to stabilize exchange rates in the global market. The organization was also aimed at regulating and stabilizing the international payment system after the Second World War. Member countries contribute money to the organization. Nations facing various financial challenges borrow from these funds and repay their loans with interest. Another role of the IMF is to provide guidance to member states on how to grow their economies and formulate sound economic policies. As of today, the organization has 188 members drawn from all continents in the world.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many countries, especially those with transitional and developing economies, have encountered various challenges emanating from budget deficits. An example of how the IMF relates with its member nations is illustrated by the agreement that the organization made with Brazil in late 1990s. Aroun d this time, the country was going through a crisis related to its Balance of Payments (herein referred to as BOP). The organization and the government agreed that after receiving financial assistance, the Central Bank will make sure that interest rates in the country remain high. The demand was just one of the conditions put in place by the IMF. According to the IMF, the conditions were put in place for two main reasons. The first justification given by the organization for the conditions was to keep investors in the country. The organization felt that the new policies will not only lock the existing local investors in the country, but will also attract foreign investor. The second reason used to justify the conditions was to reduce the rate of economic growth in the country. However, just like many other developing nations, Brazil found faced various challenges in efforts to implement the new policies prescribed by the organization. For example, the government found it politically difficult to adopt some of the measures. If implemented, the government felt that the policies will make the regime unpopular in the country. High interest rates may also lead to civil unrest in the country. At the end of the day, the Brazilian government was unable to address the budget deficit. The relationship between the IMF and the Brazilian government can be analyzed from the perspective of the liberalism theory. According to this theory, the IMF, as an organization, can have primacy over the state. The superiority of the organization to local governments is expressed through the various conditions given by IMF, conditions that member states have to stick to for them to retain their membership in the organization. The conditions put in place by IMF and other similar organizations are normally referred to as structural adjustment programs (herein referred to as SAPs). The conditions, which are set by other bodies, such as the World Bank Group (herein referred to as WBG) and th e World Trade Organization (herein referred to as WTO) are associated with radical trade liberalization.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Global Political Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such liberalizations are not supported by most developing nations in the world. The main reason for this lack of support is the fact that the developing nations feel that the liberalization policies are structured to benefit the developed nations at their expense. However, given the amount of money such countries owe the IMF, they do not have any option other than to comply with the demands of these organizations. Analysts and economic scholars refer to this situation as arm-twisting on the part of the organizations. Such arm-twisting measures, which are meant to put pressure on developing countries, were evident during the Uruguay Round negotiations. During the negotiations, most third world economies expressed thei r lack of support for the process. The lack of support was evident in their passive participation in the process, as well as lack of representation. However, the developing nations were dragged into endorsing the 1994 Marrakesh Accord, which established the WTO. The accord also sealed the negotiations made during the Uruguay Round. Only a minority of developing countries, most of them belonging to the Cairns Group, were in support of WTO. Their support was pegged on hopes of WTO widening the market for their agricultural products. The forceful liberalization of markets, which is championed by the IMF, has not benefited the developing economies as expected. For instance, before 1997, most nations in East Asia had fairly successful economies. For a period of about thirty years, ending in 1997, the economies of these nations recorded positive growth. The countries had recorded impressive results in the health, education, and economic sectors. In addition, they had very low levels of po verty. However, in the early 1990s, the markets were liberalized due to international pressure from IMF and the United States of America. Consequently, such countries as Thailand received short-term capital assistance, which could not be used for long term investments. For example, the country was unable to use the capital assistance to put in place such infrastructures as factories. Instead, the money was used to pump a real estate bubble, which eventually burst.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Just like in the case of Latin America in 1997, the IMF prescribed controversial policies to address the economic challenges faced by Thailand. The organization advised the government to put in place stringent and politically unviable measures to address the economic challenges. Soon after this, all the other nations in the region were suffering from the same problems. The most surprising thing was that the IMF ought to have known that the remedy was not working, given the effects it had on Brazil and other nations. However, the organization went ahead and prescribed the same â€Å"solution† in Thailand. In the late 1990s, the economies of Latin America and East Asia were significantly different from one another. As a result, the attempt by the IMF to solve the challenges faced by economies in the two regions using the same strategy was a big mistake. For instance, the rate of inflation in South Korea at this time was 4%. While the problems in Brazil and other Latin American countries had to do with their imprudent governments, the imprudence in East Asia was in the private sector, and not in the public sector. As such, austerity was not the approach to use in East Asia. Other organizations, such as the World Bank, were becoming increasingly aware of the negative effects of market liberalization. To address the problem, the organizations were advocating for stringent conditions for financial aid in the region. However, the IMF refused to act with consideration. The crux of the problem is that whereas the IMF is intended to serve the developing countries, it is largely controlled by industrial economies. In practice, and through the imposition of trade policies, the IMF is crippling democracies around the world. In theory, the organization is expected to support the same democratic institutions. It is widely believed that the IMF negotiates the conditions for receiving aid with member countries. However, this is not the case given that it is not possible to have balanced negotiations when the power to decide is vested on one party. Additionally, the organization does not give member countries enough time to build consensus or even consult with their civil societies and parliaments. At times, aid is offered on a plate that seems quite open, but the real covenants are negotiated in secret. Before dispatching aid, the IMF sends its mission of economists to the member country. The mission lacks knowledge with regard to the culture of the developing countries. The mission is given a very short time to come up with the most suitable program for the country. At the end, the information they collect and present to the IMF does not represent the nation’s development strategy. Furthermore, some of the models used by the economists are either out-of-date or flawed given that they are developed without taking into consideration the economic dynamics of the developing world. The East Asia crisis spread to Indonesia, and the IMF again off ered the same solution of funds with stringent conditions, especially increasing interest rates. The argument of the IMF this time round was that Indonesia would make it through like Mexico. However, a closer look reveals that Mexico had not made it through the financial crisis with the help of the IMF. On the contrary, the country managed to get over the depression because of the increase of exports to the US. At that time, Japan was Indonesia’s main partner in trade. As a result, the situation in Indonesia was highly explosive, socially and politically, compared to that in Mexico. The IMF was just about to intensify the capital strife in the country through its restrictions that would hinder the relaxed flow of currency. At a time when the nation needed fuel and food subsidies, the government was forced to cut its spending. As a result, subsidies were eliminated. In 1998, World Bank’s vice president in East Asia averred that the region was going through a recession. In light of the record high rates of unemployment and the number of businesses that went bankrupt, the vice president could not have been more right in summing up the situation. To make matters worse, the region was unable to take advantage of opportunities provided by low exchange rates. By the end of 1998, the depression reached Russia. The similarity between what happened in Russia and East Asia was represented by the participation of the United States and IMF. In the case of Russia, the IMF was largely advised by a group of macroeconomists who did not have an idea with regard to Russian economic history. Lack of adequate consultations, which was fueled by a know-it-all attitude exhibited by the IMF and local macroeconomists, led to the economic setback that was recorded after the 1993 elections. The economic shock experienced in the country did little to move Russia towards the envisaged market economy. The Treasury and the IMF paid very little attention, if any, to institutiona l infrastructure. Instead, the agencies provided the oligarchs with the opportunity to plunder the economy. In conclusion, it is important to reiterate that the IMF was formed to assist developing nations overcome economic and capital challenges. However, the organization has ended up controlling these economies through liberalization of capital markets. In the end, developing countries are stuck with deficits that have turned into recessions and depressions. In light of these realities, the IMF should abandon liberalism and let the developing countries grow their economies at their own pace without interference. This essay on The Global Political Economy was written and submitted by user Jason Mcbride to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.